Silver(I) nitrate

Silver(I) nitrate ;
Names:	silver(I) nitrate PubChem: 24470; CAS: 7761-88-8; InChI Key: SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N;
Formula:	AgNO3;
SMILES:	[N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[Ag+];
Molar mass:	169.874 g/mol;
Density:	4.352 g/cm3;
Crystal system:	orthorhombic (α); a=10.125 Å, b=7.335 Å, c=6.992 Åα=90°, β=90°, γ=90°; hexagonal (β); a=5.16 Å, b=5.16 Å, c=16.58 Åα=90°, β=90°, γ=120°; hexagonal (γ); a=5.169 Å, b=5.169 Å, c=8.49 Åα=90°, β=90°, γ=120°; rhombohedral (δ); a=4.125 Å, b=4.125 Å, c=4.125 Åα=78.1°, β=78.1°, γ=78.1°;
Shapes:	https://en.crystalls.info/w/uploads/media/5/50/Beveled_tetragonal_prism.json Beveled tetragonal prism https://en.crystalls.info/w/uploads/media/1/12/Trapezoidal_flat_prism.json Trapezoidal flat prism ;
Color:	colorless; white;
Melting point:	159.5 °C432.65 K <br />319.1 °F <br />778.77 °R <br /> (α); 209.7 °C482.85 K <br />409.46 °F <br />869.13 °R <br /> (δ); 171 °C444.15 K <br />339.8 °F <br />799.47 °R <br /> (γ);
Decomposition point:	300 °C573.15 K <br />572 °F <br />1,031.67 °R <br />;
Refractive index:	1.744 ;
Magnetic properties:	diamagnetic; χ=-4.57 · 10-5cm³/mol;
Stability:	stable;
Hardness:	fragile;
Toxicity:	poisonous; LD50=20mg/kg

Description

Inorganic compound, salt of noble metal silver and inorganic nitric acid. Doesn't form water hydrates.

Precursors

Reaction between metal silver and nitric acid

Chemical equation:

Ag + 2HNO₃ = AgNO₃ + NO₂↑ + H₂O

For preparation of 100.00g of silver(I) nitrate а 63.50g of pure silver and 114.13g of 65%65% acid is required.

Add acid solution to the flask, then add silver pieces, shavings or powder and stir it until gas emission will stop.

Reaction between silver oxide or hydroxide and nitric acid

Chemical equation:

Ag₂O + 2HNO₃ = 2AgNO₃ + H₂O

AgOH + HNO₃ = AgNO₃ + H₂O

For preparation of 100.00g of silver(I) nitrate а 68.21g of silver oxide or 73.51g of silver hydroxide and 57.07g of 65%65% acid is required.

Add acid to the flask, then add small parts of silver compound with stirring until it will totally dissolve . After reaction will stop, filter the solution and use it for crystal growing.

Influence of impurities

Additions of other metals nitrates can influence on crystal color or shape.

Notes

Dissolving is endothermic, solution cools much, so use hot water or using heat.

if you take the crystal with warm hands, you can get dark skin due to the evolution of fine silver. Take only dry clean hands.

Storage conditions

Store in its original form or under several layers of varnish at average humidity and room temperature. Do not store in matchboxes or cotton wool and do not heat.

Solubility

TableGraph

Temperature	гр/`100,00` гр water	гр/`100,00` гр ethanol	гр/`100,00` гр methanol	гр/`100,00` гр acetone	гр/`100,00` гр DMSO	гр/`100,00` гр benzene	гр/`100,00` гр aniline	гр/`100,00` гр pyridine	гр/`100,00` гр piperidine	гр/`100,00` гр ethyl acetate	гр/`100,00` гр ethylene glycol	гр/`100,00` гр nitric acid	гр/`100,00` гр acetic acid	гр/`100,00` гр isopropanol	гр/`100,00` гр 2-butanone	гр/`100,00` гр ammonia	гр/`100,00` гр hydrazine	гр/`100,00` гр acetonitrile	гр/`100,00` гр benzonitrile	гр/`100,00` гр propionitrile
0°C273.15 K <br />32 °F <br />491.67 °R <br />	`122.2`				`130`							`0.2`
10°C283.15 K <br />50 °F <br />509.67 °R <br />	`173.2`
15°C288.15 K <br />59 °F <br />518.67 °R <br />	`~198`
20°C293.15 K <br />68 °F <br />527.67 °R <br />	`222.5`	`2.12`	`3.6`				`22`	`33.6`		`2.7`				`1.75`			`122.21`		`104.9`	`180`
25°C298.15 K <br />77 °F <br />536.67 °R <br />	`249.6`			`0.44`					`4.67`		`49.67`				`0.22`	`86.04`		`111.8`
30°C303.15 K <br />86 °F <br />545.67 °R <br />	`274.5`					`0.022`							`0.0776`
40°C313.15 K <br />104 °F <br />563.67 °R <br />	`312.9`					`0.044`							`0.1244`
50°C323.15 K <br />122 °F <br />581.67 °R <br />	`~381`							`72.25`					`~0.21`
60°C333.15 K <br />140 °F <br />599.67 °R <br />	`449`												`~0.30`
70°C343.15 K <br />158 °F <br />617.67 °R <br />	`~527`												`~0.38`
80°C353.15 K <br />176 °F <br />635.67 °R <br />	`604`												`~0.47`
90°C363.15 K <br />194 °F <br />653.67 °R <br />	`~687`												`0.5503`
100°C373.15 K <br />212 °F <br />671.67 °R <br />	`770`

Highly soluble in methylamine and dimethylamine.

Gallery

Growing for few months with slow evaporating methodSilver(I) nitrate, Roman A, Chemistry chemists periodicalRoman AChemistry chemists periodical
Growing for few months with slow evaporating methodSilver(I) nitrate, Roman A, Chemistry chemists periodicalRoman AChemistry chemists periodical

Video

Sources

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Nitrates
Salts	Ammonium nitrate (NH₄NO₃) • Barium nitrate (Ba(NO₃)₂) • Bismuth(III) nitrate (BI(NO₃)₃) • Calcium nitrate (Ca(NO₃)₂) • Cesium nitrate (CsNO₃) • Cobalt(II) nitrate (Co(NO₃)₂) • Copper(II) nitrate (Cu(NO₃)₂) • Iron(II) nitrate (Fe(NO₃)₂) • Lead(II) nitrate (Pb(NO₃)₂) • Neodymium nitrate (Nd(NO₃)₃) • Nickel nitrate (Ni(NO₃)₂) • Potassium nitrate (KNO₃) • Silver(I) nitrate (AgNO₃) • Sodium nitrate (NaNO₃) • Strontium nitrate (Sr(NO₃)₂) • Uranyl nitrate (UO₂(NO₃)₂) • Zirconyl nitrate (ZrO(NO₃)₂)
Double salts	Calcium-ammonium nitrate (5Ca(NO₃)₂ · NH₄NO₃) • Cerium(IV)-ammomium nitrate (2NH₄NO₃ · Ce(NO₃)₄) • Cerium(III)-cobalt nitrate (3Co(NO₃)₂ · 2Ce(NO₃)₃) • Cerium(III)-cobalt-manganese nitrate (3(Co,Mn)(NO₃)₂ · 2Ce(NO₃)₃) • Cerium(III)-manganese nitrate (3Mn(NO₃)₂ · 2Ce(NO₃)₃)
Complexes	Bis-thetramethylethylenediaminecopper(II) nitrate ([Cu((H₃CNCH₃)₂C₄H₈)](NO₃)₂) • Nitratopentakis-karbamatbismuth(III) nitrate ([Bi(NO₃)(CO(NH₂)₂)₅](NO₃)₂) • Nitratopentakis-tiokarbamatbismuth(III) nitrate ([Bi(NO₃)(CS(NH₂)₂)₅](NO₃)₂)

Silver compounds
Silver (Ag) • Silver(I) nitrate (AgNO₃)

Silver(I) nitrate
Names:	silver(I) nitrate PubChem: 24470 CAS: 7761-88-8 InChI Key: SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Formula:	AgNO₃
SMILES:	[N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[Ag+]
Molar mass:	169.874 g/mol
Density:	4.352 g/cm³
Crystal system:	orthorhombic (α) a=10.125 Å, b=7.335 Å, c=6.992 Åα=90°, β=90°, γ=90° hexagonal (β) a=5.16 Å, b=5.16 Å, c=16.58 Åα=90°, β=90°, γ=120° hexagonal (γ) a=5.169 Å, b=5.169 Å, c=8.49 Åα=90°, β=90°, γ=120° rhombohedral (δ) a=4.125 Å, b=4.125 Å, c=4.125 Åα=78.1°, β=78.1°, γ=78.1°
Shapes:	Beveled tetragonal prism Trapezoidal flat prism
Color:	colorless white
Melting point:	159.5 °C432.65 K <br />319.1 °F <br />778.77 °R <br /> (α) 209.7 °C482.85 K <br />409.46 °F <br />869.13 °R <br /> (δ) 171 °C444.15 K <br />339.8 °F <br />799.47 °R <br /> (γ)
Decomposition point:	300 °C573.15 K <br />572 °F <br />1,031.67 °R <br />
Refractive index:	1.744
Magnetic properties:	diamagnetic χ=-4.57 · 10^-5cm³/mol
Stability:	stable
Hardness:	fragile
Toxicity:	poisonous LD₅₀=20mg/kg